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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Garland Trench Mortar ： ウィキペディア英語版 Garland Trench Mortar The Garland Trench Mortar was an improvised mortar used by Australian and British forces at Gallipoli during the Dardanelles Campaign of 1915–16. Developed early in the war by Herbert Garland, a pre-war metallurgist and superintendent of laboratories at the Cairo Citadel, it was the most numerous mortar of the Gallipoli campaign. A simple, improvised design the Garland mortar consisted of a smoothbore steel barrel fixed at 45 degrees to a solid wooden base. By means of a powder charge it propelled a variant of the Jam Tin Grenade. Its design meant that the whole weapon had to be turned to change its traverse and raised on a box to increase its range but despite these limitations it was reported to have done "good work" in the front line. == Design == The mortar was developed by Herbert Garland, superintendent of laboratories at the Cairo Citadel in Egypt.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Private Papers Major H Garland MBE MC (Documents.12477) )〕 The weapon was of straightforward construction, comprising a plain, smoothbore, tempered steel barrel of 65mm calibre fitted at a fixed 45-degree angle to a solid wooden base. The bombs themselves were variants of the Jam Tin Grenade with a steel shaft affixed.〔 The shaft protruded down the barrel of the mortar to the charge (of 5 drams of smokeless powder), leaving the bomb itself outside the barrel.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/_transcript/2009/D01522/a2466.htm )〕 A white calico tail was affixed to the bomb to improve the accuracy of its flight.〔 With the barrel affixed to the base the only means of traversing was to turn the entire unit. Since the barrel was fixed at a 45 degree angle, the mortar was already set up to fire the grenade the maximum theoretical distance for a ballistic projectile.〔Range of a projectile#Derivations〕〔:File:Ideal projectile motion for different angles.svg〕 To change the range the entire mortar had to be raised vertically, typically by propping it up on a box.〔 Raising only the front of the mortar so the barrel was at an angle greater than 45 degrees would reduce the distance travelled by launching the grenade into a higher trajectory more typical of a mortar. Raising the back would also reduce the distance travelled by launching the grenade into a flatter trajectory more typical of a cannon. A spotter was able to track the progress of the bomb during daylight by watching for the shaft revolving in the air and at night the sparks from the bomb's fuse marked its progress.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Garland Trench Mortar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.